Method of making metal window structures



y 1931. A. a. SIEB ENLiST ,816,498

METHOD OF MAKING METAL WINDOW STRUCTURES File i April 30. 1928 4Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTORNEU.

July 28, 1931. A. G. SIEBENLI ST METHOD OF MAKING METAL WINDOWSTRUCTURES 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fil ed April 30, 1928 ATTORNEU.

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July 28, 1931. A. s. .SIEBENLIST METHOD OF MAKING METAL WINDOWSTRUCTURES Filed April 30. 1928 4 Sheets-Shet 3 mm-zmon ATTORNEI].

y 1931. A. s. SIEBENLIST 1,816,498

mswuov OF MAKING METAL WINDOWzSTRUC'lURES Filed April 30, 19 28 4She'ets- Sheet 4 ATTORNEI].

Patented July 28, 1931 UNITED STA-LES PATEN orricn ANTHONY s.SIEBENLIST, of ILWAUKEE, wrsconsm, ASSIGNOR, Y unsnn Assrsnmnnrs, T0 MLoon srrEEL G MBANY. 0F MILWAUKEE. WIsoonsImA Genre RATION OF DELAWAREMETHOD or. MAKING METAL WINDOW srnucruens Application filed April 30,

, tively-linexpensive to manufacture.

One of the principalfeatures of the invention resides in the manner ofconstructing the sash and window frames whereby the problem ofproduction is simplified and the resulting construction, while.oflightweight, is' so stiff, strong and rigid as not to be liable to beracked or strainedinuse.

. In general these features and objects are obtained by forming thewindow frame 7 from a single piece of metal, the major structuralelements of the window frame being shaped and formed by a single.drawing or cupping operation which fashions these elements from themetal of the one piece blank. Following .the cupping operation, theoutside edges. of the blank are trimmed or cut to. form the edges of theframe. and to outline the stock to be sub.-

sequently shaped to. constitute the appurtenances of the window frame,such as hinges,; strengthening or reinforcing plates, stiffene ingwings,and the like. After this a: portion of the blank within the confinesof'the'; frame members is cut away to provide-the frame opening and tocomplete the shaping of the frame members and at leastyone of themargins of this openingmay be. shaped to. provide a Water sheddingweather strip, The same generic features are to be, found in theconstruction of the sash frame, the major elements of. the sash framebeing fashioned from a single piece sheet metal blank by a singledrawing "or cupping oper1 ation which also shapes and forms the seatsfor the window glass employed and the. supports or bases for the mullionstrip. .Imme diately following the drawing or cupping operation theoutside edges of the sash frame are trimmed or cut away to produce theedges of the. sash frame members and to.

1928. Serial No. 2743255.

the. invention. proposes the novel feature of forming the structuralelements of: the frame by cupping or drawing a one piece sheet metalblank. As efiecting both frames the invention further contemplates theforma tion of. the opening of the frame by; removing a portion. of] the.blankv within the con.- fines of. the. frame members subsequent to thecupping operation. Prior tothe forma-.

tion, of this opening and subsequent to the cupping operation bothframes are. trimmed. to, define the edges of the frame and to out linethe structure which is. utilized'to constitute the appurtenances'of theframe;

The drawing or cupping Operation by which the structural elements ofboth frames are. formed produces. angularly dis-pos d frame. members ofcontinuous or integral construction and each frame member so formed has;a body portion provided with edge flanges, the flanges. of the sideframe members affording hinge-rails and latch rails and, all, oftheframe members having;

theirbody portions and flanges designedto interfit and engage intheassembly to 13.170 vide weather excluding members.

Following these major operations the stock outlined to constitute the:appurtenances'of the frames is bent and shaped to provide the hinge.ears, reinforcing plates, stiffening wings, and weather stripping.

Thus, the window frame and all its appurtenances are constituted ofone,pieoe of metal and, the sash frame 1s also of one piece constructionexcept, for the two mullion or finishing strips which, are? ap.

plied and welded in. position on the bases provided therefor,formedintegralfwith the.

sash frame.

Due to the angular formation ofthe frame members, to their integralconstruction and to the manner of their formation, that is, to thecupping or drawing operation wherein the metal is upset and convertedinto a pointed out in the appended claims, refer ence being had to theaccompanying drawings, and in which:

Figure 1 is a plan view showing how the sheet metal blank is drawn orcupped in the first operation in making a window frame;

Figure 2 is a view in section taken on line 22 of'Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a plan view showing how the outside edges of the blank aretrimmed in the second operation of the method of mak ing a window frame;

igure 4 is a similar view showing how the portion of the blank withinthe confines of the frame members is cut away to provide the opening ofthe frame and to delineate the inner edges of the frame men bers as wellas to outline the weather strip formed along one side frame member;

Figure 5 is a sectional view on line 5-'5 of Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a'view in transverse section on line -66 of Figure 4 andshowing how one weather strip is bumped up from the dotted line positionwhich it occupies in Figure 4;

Figures 7, 8 and 9 are detail views partly in section and partly inelevation showing the three steps involved in the formation of thereinforcing wings on the end members of the window frame;

Figures 1O, 11, 12, 13 and 14 are detail views partly in section andpartly in elevation illustrating the five steps employed for stiffeningthe hinge rail of one side member and for forming the hinges thereon;

Figure 15 is a plan view of the complete window frame;

Figure 16 is a view thereof in section on line 16-16 of Figure 15;

Figure 17 is a plan view illustrating the drawing or cupping operationconstitutingthe first step in the formation of the sash frame;

Figure 18 is aiview thereof in section on line 18'l8 of Figure 17;

Figure 19 is a plan view illustratingho the'outside edges of the cuppedblank of Figure 17 are trimmed;

Figure 20 is a similar view illustrating the operation of removingspaced portions of the blank to form the window lights;

Figure 21 is a View in section on line 21- 21 of Figure 19;

Figure 22 is a View partly in section on line 22-22 of Figure 23 andpartly in elevation illustrating how the hinges are rolled on the sashframe;

Figure 23 is a plan view showing the complete sash frame;

Figure 24 is a view thereof in section taken on line 24-24 of Figure 23;

Figure 25 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken in the sameplane as Figure 24 and showing the construction of an end frame member;Figure 26 is a similar sectional View illus trating the construction ofa mullion and the associatedwindow glass seats;

Figure 27 is a plan View showing the complete assembly of window andsash frames;

Figure 28 is a sectional view taken on line 2828 of Figure 26; and

Figure 29 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line 2929 of Figure27.

Referring to the drawings, and more particularly to Figures 1 to 5,inclusive, wherein the major steps in the formation of the window frameare illustrated, W designates a single piece sheet metal blank, such assheet steel, which originally is in the form of a flat sheet ofrectangular form. Thissheet is first cupped or drawn with suitable diesto the shape shown in Figures 1 and 2 thereby giving to the blanktheform of a flanged cup or tray, the marginal portion of which is ofangular formation and of such structure as to be adapted to constitutethe frame members of the window frame.

3-which illustrates how the outside edges of the blank in Figure l aretrimmed orcut away to delineate theoutside edges of the frame and tooutline the outside edges of the stock at for the reinforcing wings 1(see The next step in the method is shown in Figure Figure 9) on the endmembers of the frame, I

theoutside edges of the stock I) for the stiffening member 2 of one siderail (see Figure 13), and the outside edges of the stockc for the hingeears 3 on one of the side frame members (see Figure 13). By leaving thebody of the blank intact during this trimming operation the shapedportions of the blank are preserved against distortion or strain.Following this trimming of the out-' side edges, the central portion ofthe blank is cut away or removed to provide the opening 4 of the windowframe and is slit as at 5 to outline the free edges of a Weatherstrip 5along one side frame member.

When the central portion of the blank is thus cut away we have, as aresult of the operations described, side frame members -6 and 7 and endframe members 8 and 9 all constituted of a single piece of metal. Theside and end frame members all have body portions and oppositelydirected edge flanges llU gamma and. as; shown Figure 6.. the: sideframe; member 6 has a body portion 163, an out.-

wiardly directed edge flange 11 and an. in wardly directed edge flange12: on which the.

weather strip 5. is formed. The side frame member 7 also has: a. bodyportion 10 an outwardly directed edge. flange 11 and an inwardlydirected edge flange 12". As: shown in Figures 9, l5 and 16, the endframe members are of identical construe tion and each includes a bodyportion 14, an inwardly directed edge: flange 15 and outwardly directededge flange 16 on which the stiffening wing 1 is provided. Theconstruction of the stiffening wings 1 will be hereinafter more fullydescribed. This formation of the frame members from a single piece ofmetal in this manner results a very rigid and stiff frame. a

The formation of the stiffening wings'l, isillustrated in Figures 6. 7and 8. As illustrated, the stock a of these wings, which is outlined bythe operation shown in Figure 3, is first bent up to the angular formshown in Figure 6 by any suitable or known means, right angle bends.occurring at 0, and (see Figure 6). In the next operations the entirewing structure, as previously formed, is forced over the outwardlyextending flange 16, the bend a being thus made a reverse bend and oneflange of the wing 1 being forced flush against the flange 16. Theoutwardly extending section of the wing 1 not only has a stiffeningfunction but also affords a gauge or stop operable when the window isbeing put into place to indicate and limit the extent to which thestructure of the building is built around the window frame.

As described, the weather strip on the side frame member 6 is formedfrom the body of the blank and it is bumped up or bent as at 0 (seeFigure 6) to extend at an angle to the flange 12 of the side framemember 6 on which it is formed.

The formation of the hinge rail stiffening plate 2 and hinge ears 3 isillustrated in Figures to 14, inclusive. As shown in these figures, thestock 6, c, from which these parts are formed is first bent downwardlyat the point (Z (see Figure 10) and has its extremity curved to theshape of approximately half a cylinder, as indicated at d.

Following this operation the stock of these parts is again bent upwardlyat the point e, and this bend is carried through 270 to provide areverse bend as indicated in Figures 12 and 13, thus positioning theplate 2 flush against the flange l1 and inverting the curved orsemi-cylindrical end portion 01. This end portion (1 is next rolled downto form the hinge ear 3, as shown in'Figur'e 14. This completes theconstruction of the window frame.

In producingth-e sash frame, a blank S. is utilized which originallyisin the form; of a flat rectangular sheet and which is first: cupped ordrawn to. the form shownin-Figure 17. This cupping or drawing operationV V r not only produces a blank which is the formof a flanged cup: orflanged tray v(see Figures 17 and 18); but the dies utilized, are alsoshaped to provide an inner marginal channelor crimp 80- and spacedtransverse channels or crimps 31 in the body of the.

blank. Following this cupping operation the outside edges of the blankare trimmed or cut to the form shown in Figure 19 which Q delineates theedges of they sash frame and also outlines the stock of the hinge earsto be later formed. The next; operation involved in the-production ofthe sash frame consists in cutting out spaced portions of. the body ofthe blank within and slightly spaced from the crimps orchannels 80 and;31 to provide openings 33 alfording the lights of the sash frame (seeFigures 20an-d. 21). By cutting out the blank inwardly of the channelsand 31 integral flanges; 41 are formed on these crimps or channels 30and 3.1, V

As a result of these operations, a sash frameis provided which consistsof asingle piece. of metal and has; side frame members 35- and'36 andend frame members '37 and 3.8. all constituted ofa continuousendintegral piece of meta-land each having a. body portion 39, anoutwardly directed edge flange. 40., a crimp or channel 30 around itsinner margin, each crimp or channel 30 havmg an inwardly directed edgeflange 11.; In

addition, there are theintegral cross members. constituted by theflanged channels or. crimps 31 which brace andstiffen the side membersof the frame and provide sockets,-

for doubled mullion strips 43 inserted. V

therein and spot welded as at 47 to the side frame members. The flanges.41 of the inner. marginal channels or crimps 30 and of the crosschannels 31 afford seats to whichglazing is applied and secured by puttyor other suitable means. Thegst'ructure of thesash frame is completed bybending and rolling the stock fto provide the hinge ears50 (see Figure22). v

The. assembled window frame and sash frame is: show-nv in Figures 27, 28and 29. As illustrated in these figures the hinge ears .3. and 50 arebrought into registration and and the crimps or channels formed aroundthe inner marginal edge of the sash frame bear against the inwardlydirected flanges-l4 of the .end frame 'members 8 and 9 and against theinwardly-directed flange 12 of the side member 7 of the window frame,thus providing a weather tight joint entirely around the frames at theinner side and a second weather tight joint entirely around oneside'member and two end members at the outside of the frame. A weathertight joint is also provided between the lower side member 6 of thewindow frame and the lower side member of the sash frame but isconstituted by the weather stripping 5 which is angled inwardly andupwardly toward the body portion 39 of the side member 35 of the sashframe so as to throw rain or water, that may drip down or be blown inagainst the frames, out to the exterior.

A latch may be provided on the inside of the frame member 35 to coactwith a keeper ,61 fixed 0n the frame member 6, as shown in Figure 27.

The invention claimed is:

1. The hereindescribed method of making a one-piece window frame whichconsists in drawing a metal blank to form continuous frame members,trimming the outside edges of the blank to delineate edge portions ofthe frame and to outline stock for a stiffening member and hinge earsand bending and 2. Thehereindescribed method of making a one piece metalwindow frame having side and end frame members, each of which in cludesa body portion and oppositely directed edge flanges, the body portionand edge flanges of the several frame members being one continuous andintegral piece of metal, certain of the edge flanges having integralstiffening wings and integral hinge ears, which method consists indrawing a single piece sheet metal blank between dies and upsetting themetal of the blank during the drawing operation to produce a cuppedformation having an outwardly directed marginal flange, then trimmingthe flange of the cupped blank to outline the stock of the stiffeningwings and hinge ears, subsequently bending the stock of the stiffeningwings back into position upon the marginal flange of the cupped blank tocomplete the formation of the stiffening wings, and rolling the stock ofthe hinge ears to complete the formation thereof, and finally cuttingout a portion of the bottom of the cupped blank inwardly of the bodyportion thereof to form the opening of the frame and complete theformation of the frame members.

3. The hereindescribed method of making a one piece metal Windowframe'having side and end frame members, each of whichincludes a bodyportion and oppositely di being one continuous and integral piece ofmetal, certain of theedge flanges having integral stiffening wings,which method consists in drawing a singlepiece sheet metal blank betweendies and upsetting the metal of the blank during the drawing operationto produce a cupped formation having an outwardly directed marginalflange, then trimming the flange of the cupped blank to outline thestock of the stiffening wings, subsequently bending the stock of thestiffening wings back into position upon the marginal flange of thecupped blank to complete the formation of the stiffening wings, andfinally cutting out a portion of the bottom of the cupped blank inwardlyof the body portion thereof to form the opening of the frame andcomplete the formation of the frame members.

In witness whereof I hereto affix my sig ANTHONY G. SIEBENLIST.

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